Lighting unit



R. w BAY'LE Y. LIGHTING UNIT. APPLICATION FILED IULY 3!,1919.

1,391,235.- I PatntedSept. 20,1921.

32042424, 2 [TNES S: [NV N R K fla BY 7412/ ATTORNEYS UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE. 4

ROBERT WINFIELD BAYLEY, BROOKLYN, YORK, ASSIGNOB TO BAILEY 8c SONS,INC., OF BROOKLYN, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK. I

LIGHTING UNIT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 20, 1921.

Application filed July 81, 1919. Serial No. 314,553.

ment in Lighting Units, of which the following is a specification.

.My invention relates to an improvement upon the present type ofindividual lighting units whichare termed combined semi and totalindirect lighting units. These units,

as is well known to persons skilled in the art,

a are designed first to overcome the deleterious effect upon the human.eye of the intense brightness emitted by the newer type of gas filled orso called nitrogen lamps and which accomplish this by the use of a socalled indirect fixture,'the unnatural effect in a room produced by thistype of fixture being remedied by permitting a portion of the light toescape into a translucent shield or glass bowl. Devices of this kind,with which I am familiar, are lacking .in efliciency.

- My invention has for its object to provide a lighting unit in whichthere will be combined indirect, semi-indirect and flood lighting, whichwill be so combined as to greatly increase the efliciencyof the lightingunit and thereby efiect greater economy.

One of the objects of my lighting unit is to control the rays emitted bythe source of light and to direct the rays 'so that a larger area ofillumination is obtained from the upper side of the indirect {reflectordirectly upon the ceiling by direct reflection to control and direct theillumination of a large area laterally by the flood light directed fromthe source of light against the under side of the upper reflector andthe upper side of an intermediate reflector thereby increasing theefficiency of the illumination on the working plane and to provide meansfor difius'ingthe direct rays emitted by the source of light in passingeither directly or through the medium of the total indirect or the upperreflector through the ceiling or throu h the laterally flood lighting sothat the i umination of the working plane directly beneath the fixturewill be materially increased.

My means of accomplishing the foregoing objects may be more readilycomprehended by having reference to the accompanyin drawingswhich arehereunto annexed an area part of this specification in which-- Figure 1is a side elevation of my improved lighting unit, one-half being shownin section.

Figs. 2 and 3 are similar views of the modified forms of construction.

Similar reference numerals refer to similar parts throughout the entiredescription.

As shown in the drawings, the unit comprises an upper or total indirectreflecting member 10 which is preferably made of suitablenon-inflammable material such as enameled steel or it may be made ofglass, the enameled steel is in my opinion preferable, but I do notdesire to be limited to that material. This reflector is in the shape ofan inverted cone and is provided with a radiall extending flange 20,which liS especially desirable when'the light is to be directeddownwardly within a given space, although the fixture will be operativeif the upper reflecting member is formed as shown in Fig. 2. ThISreflector 10 is secured to a canopy or socket cover 11 by means of links12 which are attached to the lower edge of the socket cover 11 b meansof hooks 13 in.

the usual manner an are provided with eyes at their outer ends which areadapted to en-' gage books 14 which are formed on the connecting member15. As seen in the sectional view, this member extends to the lower edgeof the reflector 10 and then is bent downwardly until it is brought intoengagement with the inner surface of the intermediate reflector 16,whence it extends downwardly and around the lower edge of theintermediate reflector 16 and extends radially terminating in a lipengaging member 17. These connecting members are made of flexible,material which will expand on pressure so that they can be spreadsufiiciently to engage the lip of the-translucent glass bowl 18 and willcontract so as to engage with suflicient pressure the outer edge of thetranslucent bowl and thus hold it in position. An electric lamp bulb 19is mounted in the canopy, as shown it is the well known type C ornitrogen lamp. It frequently happens that the user desires to employ adifferent sized bulb in the fixture, but inasmuch as the fixture isadjusted so as to have the source of light in a particular position itis not practical to change the bulb. I have provided means to overcomethis by equipping tlfe connecting member 15 with a ring 21 which willenable the use of a larger bulb when desired and still bring it into theproper functioning position with relation to the reflecting members.

It will be apparent from an inspection ofthe drawings 1n connection withthe foregoing description that a unit thus construct ed in which boththe upper reflector 10 and the intermediate reflector 16 are soconstructed that both their upper and lower surfaces form eflicientreflecting media that the objects set forth hereinbefore are fullyaccomplished by my device.

Having described my invention what I regard as new and desire to secureby Letters atent of the United States is:

1. A lighting fixture comprising the combination with a source of lightof an upper member, both sides of said member being adapted to serve asreflectors, a translucent bowl below the upper member and flexible meansto support said bowl and members in spaced relationshi so that a portionof the direct light rays will reach the ceiling, a portion will bereflected upward from the surface of the upper member, a. portion of thedirect rays will escape laterally as a flood light intermediate thelower surface of the upper member and the upper surface of the bowl andthence to the working plane.

2. A lighting fixture comprising the combination with a source of lightof an upper member, an intermediate member, both sides of said membersbeing adapted to serve as reflectors, a translucent bowl below theintermediate member, means to support said bowl and members in spacedrelationship so that a portion of the direct light rays will reach theceiling, a portion will be reflected upward from the surface of theupper member, a portion of the direct rays will escape laterally as aflood light intermediate the lower surface of the upper member and theupper surface of the intermediate member and thence to the workingplane.

3. A lighting fixture comprising the combination with a. source of lightof an upper member, an intermediate member, both sides of said membersbeing adapted to serve as reflectors a translucent bowl below theintermediate member, means to support said bowl and members in spacedrelationship so that a portion of the direct light rays will reach theceiling, a portion will be reflected upward from the surface of theupper member, aportion ofthe direct rays will escape laterally as aflooddight intermediate the lowersurface of the upper member and theupper surface of the intermediate member, and a portion of the lightrays will strike the upper surface of the intermediate member and bereflected to the "lower surface of the upper member and redirectedthence to the working plane.

4. A lighting fixture comprising the combination with a source of lightof an upper conoidal member, having a radial flange. an intermediatemember, both sides of said members being adapted to serve as reflectors,a translucent bowl below the intermediate member means to support saidbowl and members in spaced relationship, so that a portion of the directlight rays will reach the ceiling, a portion wlll be reflected upwardfrom the surface of the upper member, a portion of the direct rays willpass below 'the lower surface of the upper reflector and strike thelower surface of the flange arlid be reflected downwardly to the workingp ane.

5. A lighting fixture comprising the, combination with a source oflight, a socket in which it is mounted, a canopy inclosing said socket,of an upper conoidal member, having a radial flange, both sides of saidmember being adapted to serve as reflectors, a

translucent bowl below the upper member,

means to support said bowl and members in spaced relationship from thecanopy so that a portion of the direct light rays will reach theceiling, a portion will be reflected upward from the surface of theupper member,aportion of the direct rays Wlll pass below the lowersurface of the up er reflector and strike the lower surface 0 the flangeand be reflected downwardly to the working plane.

6. A lighting fixture comprising the combination with a source of lightof an upper conoidal member, havinga radial flange, an intermediatemember, both sides of said members being adapted to serve as reflectors,a translucent bowl below the intermediate member, means to su port saidbowl and members in'spaced're ationship, so that a portion of the directlight rays will reach the ceiling, a portion will be reflected upwardfrom the surface of the u per member, a portion of the direct rays W1 '1pass below the, lower surface of the upper reflector and .vided with acircumferential flange which curvesdownwardly, both sides of said memberbeing adapted to serve as reflectors, a translucent bowl below the uppermember, means to support said bowl and members in spaced relationshipfrom the canopy, said supporting means being resilient at the point ofthe engagement with the translucent bowl, the spaced relationship beingsuch that a portion of the direct light rays Will reach the 5 ceiling, aportion will be reflected upward from the surface of the upper memb'er,-a portion of the direct rays will pass uninterruptedly between the bowland the-lower surface of the upper member, and a portion of the lightrays will strike the lower surface of the flange and then be reflecteddownwardly to the working plane, and another portion will strike thebowl and be redirected to the lower surface of the upper membar when itwill ass to the Working lane.

ROBERT RINFIELD BAYLEY.

